The- European Courts - both the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance - are central actors in the development of the European Union. The Court of Justice as a doctrinal and constitutional innovator is rightly credited with having laid the key foundational constitutional principles of the Union: the supremacy of EU law, the doctrine of direct effect, and the recognition of human rights principles. The dynamics between the European courts and national courts, the European Court of Human Rights and the UN Security Council provide unique insights into the role of courts in polity-building and in the judicial elaboration of central tenets of the rule of law such as consistency and coherence. This book analyses factors of change and continuity in the European courts. The first part concerns the role of the European courts in multilevel governance. The second part focuses on basic legal principles, old and new. The third part examines new challenges for the European courts. This bilingual volume comprises a selection of the revised versions of papers first presented at the 6th International Workshop for Young Scholars (WISH) / 6e Rencontre Internationale des Jeunes Chercheurs (RIJC). The 6th WISH/RIJC was held at University College Dublin on 16-17 November 2007 on the theme `The Evolution of the European Courts: Change and Continuity' /'L'évolution des juridictions européennes: Changements et continuité'. It was organised by the European Law Journal, together with the School of Law, University College Dublin, the Centre d'Études et de Recherches Internationales et Communautaires (CERIC - CNRS - UMR 6201) of the Faculté de Droit et de Science Politique of the Université Paul Cézanne Aix-Marseille III and the College of Europe (Natolin campus, Warsaw). WISH/RIJC is an annual conference which seeks to bring together the most promising young scholars in specific fields of European Union law from universities of the EU Member States, countries that are currently candidates for EU membership, and other countries in North and South America, the Middle East, Africa or Asia, including the United States, Canada, and China. Its objective is to identify and discuss themes which are likely to be the most significant topics of research in the field of European Union law in the first half of the 21st century.

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