Recherche sur la Nature et les Causes de la Richesse des Nations. Livres 3-4

The annual labour of every nation is the fund which originally supplies it with all the necessaries and conveniencies of life which it annually consumes, and which consist always either in the immediate produce of that labour, or in what is purchased with that produce from other nations.

According, therefore, as this produce, or what is purchased with it, bears a greater or smaller proportion to the number of those who are to consume it, the nation will be better or worse supplied with all the necessaries and conveniencies for which it has occasion.

But this proportion must in every nation be regulated by two different circumstances: first, by the skill, dexterity, and judgment with which its labour is generally applied; and, secondly, by the proportion between the number of those who are employed in useful labour, and that of those who are not so employed. Whatever be the soil, climate, or extent of territory of any particular nation, the abundance or scantiness of its annual supply must, in that particular situation, depend upon those two circumstances.

The Wealth of Nations

Adam Smith was a Scottish economist and philosopher who was a pioneer in the thinking of political economy and key figure during the Scottish Enlightenment. Seen by some as "The Father of Economics" or "The Father of Capitalism", he wrote two classic works, The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759) and An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776). The latter, often abbreviated as The Wealth of Nations, is considered his magnum opus and the first modern work that treats economics as a comprehensive system and as an academic discipline. Smith refuses to explain the distribution of wealth and power in terms of God's will and instead appeals to natural, political, social, economic and technological factors and the interactions between them. Among other economic theories, the work introduced Smith's idea of absolute advantage.

Contents:

The Books

THE THEORY OF MORAL SENTIMENTS

THE ORIGINS OF LANGUAGES

AN INQUIRY INTO THE NATURE AND CAUSES OF THE WEALTH OF NATIONS

ESSAYS ON PHILOSOPHICAL SUBJECTS

The Lectures

LECTURES ON JUSTICE, POLICE, REVENUE AND ARMS REPORTED BY A STUDENT IN 1763

The Complete Works of Adam Smith. Books and Lectures. Illustrated - The Wealth of Nations, The Theory of Moral Sentiments, The Origins of Languages and others

Adam Smith, souvent considéré comme le fondateur moderne de l'économie politique avec ses Recherches sur la nature & les causes de la richesse des nations, fut aussi philosophe de l'école écossaise, brillant contemporain de David Hume et auteur de la Théorie des Sentiments moraux. Les Essais philosophiques d'Adam Smith furent traduits en français au XVIIIe siècle. Ils n'ont jamais été réédités depuis. Ils constituent pourtant un élément essentiel de la connaissance de sa doctrine, révélant la dimension humaine personnelle fondatrice de sa pensée économique. Ainsi, dans sa Lettre aux auteurs de la Revue d'Edimbourg, il livre son opinion sur l'Encyclopédie de D'Alembert et Diderot, et sur l'Essai sur l'Origine de l'inégalité parmi les hommes de Jean Jacques Rousseau, qui viennent de paraître. Dans ses Considérations sur la première formation des langues & le différent génie des langues originales et composées, ensuite, où à travers un brillant essai de linguistique comparée il cherche le caractère propre des nations à partir de celui des langues. Cette dissertation, annexée à la seconde édition de la Théorie des sentiments moraux, n'avait jamais été republiée. Essentiels, enfin, sont ses Principes qui fondent & dirigent les recherches philosophiques, qu'il illustre à partir de trois " histoires " : celle de l'astronomie, celle de la physique des Anciens et celle de la logique des Anciens & de la métaphysique. A travers ces " illustrations ", Adam Smith cherche à cerner la nature et l'origine du questionnement philosophique (voir en particulier son texte sur l'Origine de la philosophie inclus dans son Histoire de l'astronomie). C'est en établissant ce vaste panorama où il tente de définir les principes régissant ce questionnement qu'Adam Smith est amené à découvrir les caractères de la nature humaine, qui aboutissent à sa Théorie des sentiments moraux, et à établir ceux de l'économie politique, qu'il expose dans ses Recherches sur la nature & les causes de la richesse des nations. C'est dire que ses Essais, loin de constituer un complément à sa pensée économique ou sa vision de l'être humain, peuvent en être considérés comme le fondement philosophique.

Essais philosophiques

100 citations d'Adam Smith

In this groundbreaking book, renowned AI expert Adam Smith delves into the world of open-source artificial intelligence and its transformative potential for our society. Open Source AI: Exploring the Boundaries of Collaboration is an enlightening exploration of the intersection between artificial intelligence and the power of open-source principles. Adam Smith, an authoritative figure in the field of AI, presents a comprehensive and accessible guide to the open-source movement and its impact on the development and democratization of AI technologies. With clarity and depth, he discusses the evolution of open-source software and the paradigm shift it has brought to the field of AI, fostering unprecedented collaboration and innovation. Open Source AI demonstrates how open-source initiatives have revolutionized the way AI models, frameworks, and tools are created and distributed. Through engaging examples and real-world case studies, Smith highlights the tangible benefits of an open approach, including accelerated development cycles, enhanced quality control, and broader access to cutting-edge technologies. This book goes beyond theoretical concepts, providing practical insights into how open-source AI projects are conceived, nurtured, and scaled. Smith explores the key players in the open-source AI community, their motivations, and the unique challenges they face. He also delves into the critical role of collaboration, the significance of licensing frameworks, and the ethical considerations inherent in an open-source AI landscape. Open Source AI not only empowers AI practitioners, developers, and researchers but also serves as an indispensable resource for policymakers, business leaders, and individuals curious about the impact of AI on society. With a balanced perspective, Smith addresses the potential risks and ethical dilemmas associated with open-source AI, advocating for responsible practices, transparency, and the prioritization of human values. Written in a lucid and engaging style, Open Source AI is a compelling read that seamlessly weaves together technical insights, historical context, and future possibilities. Adam Smith's extensive knowledge and expertise in AI make this book a must-read for anyone seeking to understand the profound influence of open-source principles on the present and future of artificial intelligence. Whether you are an AI enthusiast, a developer, a researcher, or simply curious about the world-changing potential of open-source AI, this book will inspire and inform, offering a comprehensive guide to the dynamic and collaborative landscape shaping the future of artificial intelligence.

Open Source AI

The wealth of nations: books i-iii

In "Towards an AI-Infused Revolution in K12 Education", celebrated author and renowned educationalist Adam Smith takes us on an enlightening journey into the future of primary and secondary education. This book encapsulates a thought-provoking exploration of the increasing role of artificial intelligence in reshaping the landscape of education, as we've traditionally known it. Smith successfully merges his profound knowledge of pedagogy and cutting-edge technology to present a comprehensive examination of how AI can catalyze improvements in K12 education, not just in developed nations, but around the globe. The book provides a fresh perspective on the applications of AI in classrooms - from personalized learning, interactive simulations, to intelligent tutoring systems, and beyond. But it doesn't stop there. Smith boldly delves into the ethical implications and potential risks of integrating AI into education, urging educators, policymakers, and parents to consider the nuanced impacts of AI. He addresses questions like 'How do we ensure data privacy in a digitally driven education system?' and 'What measures can be taken to avoid bias in AI-assisted teaching?' The book is interspersed with real-life case studies from schools that have already embraced AI, offering a glimpse into the transformative power of this technology. Smith's insightful commentary also extends to the role of teachers in this AI-driven revolution, and how the teacher-student relationship can evolve for better learning outcomes. "Towards an AI-Infused Revolution in K12 Education" is not just an exploration of the potential of AI in education. It is a compelling manifesto for a new era in education, one which strikes a balance between traditional pedagogy and modern technological advancements. This riveting work is a must-read for anyone interested in the future of education and the role AI has to play in it.

Towards an AI-Infused Revolution in K12 Education - AI in K-12 Education

Les plus grandes améliorations dans la puissance productive du travail, et la plus grande partie de l'habileté, de l'adresse, de l'intelligence avec laquelle il est dirigé ou appliqué, sont dues, à ce qu'il semble, à la Division du travail.

On se fera plus aisément une idée des effets de la division du travail sur l'industrie générale de la société, si l'on observe comment ces effets opèrent dans quelques manufactures particulières.

Fruit d'une sélection réalisée au sein des fonds de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, Collection XIX a pour ambition de faire découvrir des textes classiques et moins classiques dans les meilleures éditions du XIXe siècle.

Recherche sur la Nature et les Causes de la Richesse des Nations. Livres 3-4

Plus de livres de Adam Smith

Critiques

Ce livre n'a pas encore de critiques