Excerpt from Qu'Est-ce Que l'Art?: Traduit du Russe Et Precede d'une IntroductionPour l'entretien de l'art en Russie (ou c'est a peine si, pour l'education du peuple, on depense la centieme partie de ce qu'on devrait depenser), le gouvernement accorde des millions de roubles, sous la forme de subventions aux academies, thea tres et conservatoires. En France, l'art coute a l'etat vingt millions de francs; il coute au moins autant en Allemagne et en Angleterre.

Qu'est-Ce Que l'Art?: Traduit Du Russe Et Précédé d'Une Introduction (Classic Reprint)

Russie, 1880. Anna Karenine, est une jeune femme de la haute societe de Saint-Petersbourg. Elle est mariee a Alexis Karenine un haut fonctionnaire de l'administration imperiale, un personnage austere et orgueilleux. Ils ont un garcon de huit ans, Serge. Anna se rend a Moscou chez son frere Stiva Oblonski. En descendant du train, elle croise le comte Vronski, venu a la rencontre de sa mere. Elle tombe amoureuse de Vronski, cet officier brillant, mais frivole."

Anna Karenine - Tome I

Hailed as one of the world's supreme masterpieces on the subject of death and dying, The Death of Ivan Ilyich is the story of a worldly careerist, a high court judge who has never given the inevitability of his dying so much as a passing thought. But one day, death announces itself to him, and to his shocked surprise, he is brought face to face with his own mortality. How, Tolstoy asks, does an unreflective man confront his one and only moment of truth?This short novel was an artistic culmination of a profound spiritual crisis in Tolstoy's life, a nine-year period following the publication of Anna Karenina during which he wrote not a word of fiction.A thoroughly absorbing and, at times, terrifying glimpse into the abyss of death, it is also a strong testament to the possibility of finding spiritual salvation.

La Mort d'Ivan Ilitch

Widely considered a pinnacle in realist fiction, Tolstoy considered Anna Karenina his first real novel and Dostoevsky declared it to be "flawless as a work of art". His opinion was shared by Vladimir Nabokov, who especially admired "the flawless magic of Tolstoy's style", and by William Faulkner, who described the novel as "the best ever written". The novel is currently enjoying enormous popularity, as demonstrated by a recent poll of 125 contemporary authors by J. Peder Zane, published in 2007 in The Top Ten, which declared that Anna Karenina is the "greatest novel ever written".

Plot:

A bachelor, Vronsky is willing to marry her if she would agree to leave her husband Karenin, a government official, but she is vulnerable to the pressures of Russian social norms, her own insecurities and Karenin's indecision. Although Vronsky eventually takes Anna to Europe where they can be together, they have trouble making friends. Back in Russia, she is shunned, becoming further isolated and anxious, 

while Vronsky pursues his social life. Despite Vronsky's reassurances she grows increasingly possessive and paranoid about his imagined infidelity.

About Constance Garnett: the classical translator of great Russian literature:

Constance Garnett's translation of Anna Karenina is still among the best. Some scholars feel that her language is closer to the 19th-century sense of the original. Garnett translated seventy volumes of Russian prose for publication, including all of Dostoyevsky's novels. A friend of Garnett's, D. H. Lawrence, was in awe of her matter-of-fact endurance, recalling her "sitting out in the garden turning out reams of her marvelous translations from the Russian. She would finish a page, and throw it off on a pile on the floor without looking up, and start a new page. That pile would be this high--really, almost up to her knees, and all magical."

Anna Karenina - Translated 1901 by Constance Garnett

J’ai écrit, en 1884, un ouvrage intitulé En quoi consiste ma foi[1], dans lequel, en effet, j’exposais toutes mes croyances.En donnant ma façon d’entendre la doctrine du Christ, je n’ai pas dit pourquoi je considère comme une hérésie cette religion officielle appelée christianisme.Elle se sépare, selon moi, de celle du Christ par bien des divergences au nombre desquelles j’ai tout d’abord constaté la suppression du commandement qui nous interdit de nous opposer au mal par la force. Plus que tout autre, cet écart de doctrine montre avec évidence combien l’Église officielle a dénaturé les principes du Christ.

Le Salut est en vous

Le plan en est simple. Tolstoï commence par résumer les principales thèses esthétiques en vigueur. Puis, il pointe la nouveauté de l’art moderne : avoir dissocié l’art de la beauté. Il s’attaque ensuite aux artistes « pervers » : Baudelaire, Mallarmé et Verlaine, et tempête devant leur hermétisme, leur décadence. Il s’attaque aussi à Wagner, de manière hilarante. Puis, il s’en prend aux critiques et dénonce leur stupidité. Mais sa virulence ne vise pas seulement la modernité. Il maudit aussi les Grecs, pour qui l’art est une « grossièreté » faite pour chanter – horreur ! – la joie de vivre, la force et la beauté. Il s’en prend également aux élites, faisant du Bourdieu avant la lettre, critiquant leur définition étroite de la beauté, cantonnée aux goûts inconscients de leur classe. Il montre l’épuisement au travail des ouvriers pour satisfaire les goûts ridicules de la classe dominante : sa description outrée d’un dialogue d’opéra, irréaliste au possible, est d’une drôlerie forcenée. Enfin, Tolstoï donne sa définition positive de l’art, celle d’une activité placée sous le sceau de l’union, du haut et du bas et des hommes entre eux. Contre la corruption de l’art qu’il exècre, Tolstoï met ses dons de romancier au service d’une esthétique d’inspiration chrétienne et appelle à une rénovation de l’art. Puis, Tolstoï analyse la part spirituelle de l’art, sur laquelle il a décidé de fonder sa doctrine : l’art, pour lui, réside dans la communication d’un sentiment par l’imagination. Il a pour conséquence la transmission et le partage, et sa condition naturelle est la sincérité de l’artiste. Ethique et esthétique marchent ainsi main dans la main. A rebours des esthétiques en forme de systèmes, il est intéressant de lire les thèses d’un grand romancier à propos de l’art. Cela donne une esthétique pour ainsi dire « de l’intérieur » qui aide a mieux comprendre son œuvre. Mais cela donne aussi un court traité extrêmement vivant. Le ton passionné de l’auteur fait rire aux larmes quand il ridiculise ses ennemis, les pédants, les philosophes abscons, et rêver quand il nomme « expériences esthétiques » la peau veloutée d’une femme ou un verre de lait dans la montagne...

Qu'est-ce que l'art?

"Dernières Paroles" de Léon Tolstoï. 1873-1877.

Dernières paroles

This carefully crafted ebook: "Anna Karenina - 2 Classic Unabridged Translations in one eBook (Garnett and Maude translations)" is formatted for your eReader with a functional and detailed table of contents. Widely considered a pinnacle in realist fiction, Tolstoy considered Anna Karenina his first real novel and Dostoevsky declared it to be "flawless as a work of art". His opinion was shared by Vladimir Nabokov, who especially admired "the flawless magic of Tolstoy's style", and by William Faulkner, who described the novel as "the best ever written". The novel is currently enjoying enormous popularity, as demonstrated by a recent poll of 125 contemporary authors by J. Peder Zane, published in 2007 in The Top Ten, which declared that Anna Karenina is the "greatest novel ever written".
Plot: A bachelor, Vronsky is willing to marry her if she would agree to leave her husband Karenin, a government official, but she is vulnerable to the pressures of Russian social norms, her own insecurities and Karenin's indecision. Although Vronsky eventually takes Anna to Europe where they can be together, they have trouble making friends. Back in Russia, she is shunned, becoming further isolated and anxious, while Vronsky pursues his social life. Despite Vronsky's reassurances she grows increasingly possessive and paranoid about his imagined infidelity.
About the Garnett translation: Constance Garnett's translation of Anna  Karenina is still among the best. Some scholars feel that her language  is closer to the 19th-century sense of the original. Garnett translated  seventy volumes of Russian prose for publication, including all of  Dostoyevsky's novels. A friend of Garnett's, D. H. Lawrence, was in awe  of her matter-of-fact endurance, recalling her "sitting out in the  garden turning out reams of her marvelous translations from the Russian.  She would finish a page, and throw it off on a pile on the floor  without looking up, and start a new page. That pile would be this  high--really, almost up to her knees, and all magical."
About the Maude translation: the translation by Aylmer Maude (1858-1938) and Louise Shanks Maude (1855-1939) is highly considered by scholars. This unabridged and annotated translation from the original russian by Louise and Aylmer Maude was originally published in 1918. The Maudes are classical translators of Leo Tolstoy who worked directly with the author and gained his personal endorsement.

Anna Karenina - 2 Classic Unabridged Translations in one eBook (Garnett and Maude translations)

Excerpt from Pensées de Tolstoi: D'Àpres les d104es RussesOn peut encore signaler le livre de Dymon On Ward, Lon dres, 1821 et celui de Daniel Mussert Non-résistance asser led, Londres, 1864.About the PublisherForgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.comThis book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Qu'est-Ce Que l'Art?: Traduit Du Russe Et Précédé d'Une Introduction (Classic Reprint)

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