Science technologie et industrie - Perspectives de l'OCDE 2012

Le développement de l’économie numérique soulève des problématiques en matière de fiscalité internationale. Le présent rapport a vocation à analyser ces défis fiscaux. Les auteurs observent que, parce que l’économie numérique a tendance à devenir l’économie elle-même, il ne serait pas réaliste de vouloir la séparer, à des fins fiscales, des autres pans de l’économie. Ils notent cependant que certains modèles économiques et les principales caractéristiques de l’économie numérique peuvent exacerber les risques d’érosion de la base d’imposition et de transfert de bénéfices. Ces risques seront pris en compte dans le cadre des travaux portant sur les autres actions du Plan d’action BEPS, de même que les principales caractéristiques de l’économie numérique. Une analyse d’un certain nombre de défis fiscaux de portée plus générale soulevés par l’économie numérique est également proposée dans le rapport, complétée par un examen des options envisageables pour les relever, sachant que d’autres travaux devront être menés en 2015 pour évaluer aussi bien les défis que les solutions pour y faire face.

Relever les défis fiscaux posés par l'économie numérique

The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) examines not just what students know in mathematics, reading and science, but what they can do with what they know. This is the first of six volumes that present the results of the 2012 PISA survey, the fifth round of the triennial assessment. It summarises the performance in mathematics, reading and science of students in PISA 2012.

PISA 2012 - Results : What Students Know and Can Do (Volume I)

In 2011 the international development community committed to make development co-operation more effective to deliver better results for the world’s poor. At the mid-point between commitments endorsed in the High-Level Forum in Busan, Korea in 2011 and the 2015 target date of the Millennium Development Goals, this report takes stock of how far we have come and where urgent challenges lie. This report - a first snapshot of the state-of-play since Busan - reveals both successes and shortfalls. It draws on the ten indicators of the Global Partnership monitoring framework. Despite global economic turbulence, changing political landscapes and domestic budgetary pressure, commitment to effective development co-operation principles remains strong. Longstanding efforts to change the way that development co-operation is delivered are paying off. Past achievements on important aid effectiveness commitments that date back to 2005 have been sustained. Nevertheless, much more needs to be done to translate political commitments into concrete action. This report highlights where targeted efforts are needed to make further progress and to reach existing targets for more effective development co-operation by 2015.

Making development co-operation more effective - 2014 progress report

This edition of the OECD Pensions Outlook examines the changing pensions landscape. It looks at pension reform during the crisis and beyond, the design of automatic adjustment mechanisms, reversals of systemic pension reforms in Central and Eastern Europe, coverage of private pension systems and guarantees indefined contribution pension systems. It closes with a policy roadmap for defined contribution pensions and a statistical annex.

OECD Pensions Outlook 2012

This report provides an overview of frameworks and experience in Latin America and internationally in dealing with the challenges associated with corporate governance of company groups. It describes their economic rationale, benefits and relevance in Latin America, and how they are defined, overseen and regulated. It also delves into some of the risks and more specific challenges involved in ensuring protection of minority shareholder rights and managing or minimising conflicts of interest within groups. It notes the rising importance of Latin American-based multinational company groups. Finally, it reviews existing international and regional guidance on corporate governance of company groups before assessing the more specific policy options and challenges in the region, and describing the conclusions reached by the Latin American Corporate Governance Roundtable and Task Force on Company Groups based on this report's findings. Country-specific chapters provide more specific descriptions of the frameworks in place for corporate governance of company groups in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru.

Corporate governance of company groups in Latin america

This report summarises the current situation in fisheries and aquaculture, observing that in many parts of the world these sectors are at risk and do not reach their full potential. However, the prospects for sustained growth are good if reforms along the lines suggested by the OECD Green Growth Strategy are undertaken. The report emphasises the need for a strong, science-based approach to stock management for resource sustainability, combined with a transparent and reactive policy development cycle to ensure that fisheries deliver maximum possible benefits. The report shows that improved regulation to deal with environmental externalities and space competition is key to unlocking future growth potential of aquaculture.

Green growth in fisheries and aquaculture

Ports and cities are historically strongly linked, but the link between port and city growth has become weaker. Economic benefits often spill over to other regions, whereas negative impacts are localised in the port-city. How can ports regain their role as drivers of urban economic growth and how can negative port impacts be mitigated? Those are the questions that this report aims to answer.

The competitiveness of global port-cities

The OECD Environmental Performance Review Programme provides independent assessments of countries’ progress in achieving their domestic and international environmental policy commitments, together with policy relevant recommendations. This report is the third OECD review of Spain’s environmental performance. It evaluates progress towards sustainable development and green growth, with a focus on biodiversity and the environmental performance of the private sector. Reviews are conducted to promote peer learning, enhance governments’ accountability to each other and to the public, and improve countries’ environmental performance, individually and collectively. They are supported by a broad range of economic and environmental data. Each cycle of the Environmental Performance Reviews covers all OECD member countries and selected partner countries. The most recent reviews include: Iceland (2014), Sweden (2014), Colombia (2014).

Science technologie et industrie - Perspectives de l'OCDE 2012

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