Vivre et travailler plus longtemps : vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi

OECD's 2014 Economic Survey of Portugal examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects. Special chapters cover boosting export performance and reducing inequality and poverty.

Portugal 2014 OECD economic surveys

The OECD Environmental Performance Review Programme provides independent assessments of countries’ progress in achieving their domestic and international environmental policy commitments, together with policy relevant recommendations. They are conducted to promote peer learning, to enhance governments’ accountability to each other and to the public, and to improve countries’ environmental performance, individually and collectively. The reviews are supported by a broad range of economic and environmental data. Each cycle of the Environmental Performance Reviews covers all OECD member countries and selected partner countries. The most recent reviews include: South Africa (2013), Austria (2013), Italy (2013) and Mexico (2013). This report is the first OECD review of Colombia’s environmental performance. It evaluates progress towards sustainable development and green growth, with a focus on waste and chemicals management and policies that promote more effective and efficient protection and sustainable use of biodiversity.

OECD Environmental Performance Reviews : Colombia 2014

This OECD Economic Survey of Latvia examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects. Special chapters cover improving public sector efficiency and raising productivity.

Latvia 2015-OECD economic surveys

Cette publication conjointe OCDE-OMC est un coup de projecteur sur l’Aide pour le commerce visant à évaluer ce qui se passe, ce qui ne se passe pas, et où des améliorations sont nécessaires. L’analyse porte plus particulièrement sur les tendances des politiques, programmes et pratiques dans le domaine de l’Aide pour le commerce. Elle montre que l’initiative Aide pour le commerce produit des résultats tangibles en améliorant les résultats commerciaux et les conditions de vie des gens, en particulier des femmes, dans les pays en développement. Il ressort du rapport que l’Aide pour le commerce joue un rôle important en permettant aux entreprises des pays en développement de se connecter aux chaînes de valeur et de s’élever dans ces chaînes. En fait, l’émergence des chaînes de valeur renforce la légitimité de l’Aide pour le commerce. Les parties prenantes continuent à participer activement à l’initiative Aide pour le commerce. L’exercice de suivi de 2013 était basé sur les autos évaluations de 80 pays en développement, 28 donateurs bilatéraux, 15 donateurs multilatéraux et 9 fournisseurs de coopération Sud. A cela s’ajoutaient les avis exprimés par 524 entreprises (fournisseurs) de pays en développement et 173 entreprises dominantes, pour la plupart des pays de l’OCDE.

Panorama de l'aide pour le commerce 2013 - Se connecter aux chaînes de valeur

Young people around the world are struggling to enter the labour market. In some OECD countries, one in four 16-29 year-olds is neither employed nor in education or training. The OECD Skills Outlook 2015 shows how improving the employability of youth requires a comprehensive approach. While education , social, and labour market policies have key roles to play, co-ordination between public policies and the private sector is also crucial. The publication, which builds on the results of the 2012 Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) presented in the first edition of the Skills Outlook, also presents examples of successful policies in selected countries.

OCDE skills outlook 2015 : youth, skills and employabilite

L'amélioration de la performance environnementale de l'agriculture est une prioritédans les pays de l'OCDE. Mais la mesure et l'évaluation de l'impact des politiques agroenvironnementales sur l'environnement peuvent représenter un défi puisqu'elles nécessitent de lier des modèleséconomiques et biophysiques dans le contexte propreàchaque pays.  

L'OCDE a développéle modèle simplifiéd'impact des politiques agroenvironnementales (Stylised Agri-environmental Policy Impact Model- SAPIM), qui peutêtre adaptéet appliquépar les chercheurs et les décideurs pour mieux comprendre les répercussions des mesures de politique sur la situation agroenvironnementale de leur pays.  

Ce rapport applique le modèleàdes exploitations agricoles représentatives auxÉtats-Unis, en Finlande, au Japon et en Suisse. Ces pays se caractérisent par une large gamme d'objectifs, de mesures de politique et de situations agroenvironnementales. Les résultats mettent enévidence que lorsque les externalités environnementales positives ou négatives ne sont pas prises en compte par les exploitants agricoles, alors les choix de production par les exploitants agricoles reflètent les coûts et avantages privés. Les politiques sont susceptibles d'accroître le bien-être social en prenant en compte ces externalités. 

Ce rapport observe que, d'une manière générale, la diversitédes situations d'un secteuràl'autre et d'un paysàl'autre rend difficile la généralisation de l'impact des politiques agroenvironnementales au-delàdes situations modélisées. Cependant, il en ressort des messages plus généraux pour l'action des pouvoirs publics. En s'appuyant sur les quatreétudes de cas examinées, ce rapport recommande que les activités polluantes qui ne sont pas réglementées soient prises en considération lors de la conception des mesures ; il préconise de prendre en compte le contexte général de l'action des pouvoirs publics lors de l'évaluation des politiques agroenvironnementales ; et de reconnaître leurs co-avantages et leurs inconvénients pour l'environnement.  

Les politiques en faveur de la croissance verte peuvent stimuler la croissanceéconomique tout en empêchant la dégradation de l'environnement, la perte de biodiversitéet la surexploitation des ressources naturelles. Les conclusions de ce rapport contribuerontàla Stratégie pour une croissance verteélaborée par l'OCDE, qui servira de guide pratique pour les pouvoirs publics désireux d'exploiter tout le potentiel d'une croissance plus respectueuse de l'environnement.  

www.oecd.org/croissanceverte (Lien -> http://www.oecd.org/croissanceverte)

Les liens entre les politiques agricoles et leurs effets sur l'environnement - Le modèle simplifié d'impact des politiques agroenvironnementales de l'OCDE

This report contains the "Phase 2: Implementation of the Standard in Practice" review for Luxembourg, as well as a revised version of the "Phase 1: Legal and Regulatory Framework review" already released for this jurisdiction.

The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by 120 jurisdictions, which participate in the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004. The standards have also been incorporated into the UN Model Tax Convention.

The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. Fishing expeditions are not authorised but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard.

All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction's legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined - Phase 1 and Phase 2 - reviews. The Global Forum has also put in place a process for supplementary reports to follow-up on recommendations, as well as for the ongoing monitoring of jurisdictions following the conclusion of a review. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes.

All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.

For more information on the work of the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes, and for copies of the published review reports, please refer to www.oecd.org/tax/transparency and www.eoi-tax.org.

Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes - Peer Reviews: Luxembourg 2013

The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 100 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. 

The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes.  These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention.  

The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. "Fishing expeditions" are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard.

All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction's legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework.  Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined - Phase 1 plus Phase 2 - reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. 

All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.

For more information on the work of the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes, and for copies of the published review reports, please visit www.eoi-tax.org (Lien -> http://www.eoi-tax.org/).

Vivre et travailler plus longtemps : vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi

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