Etudes économiques : Danemark

An integral component of any green growth strategy is a highly-reliable set of measurement tools and indicators that would enable policy makers to evaluate how effective policies are, and to gauge the progress being achieved in shifting economic activity onto a greener path. These tools and indicators, which will need to be based on internationally comparable data, must also be embedded in a conceptual framework and selected according to a clearly-specified set of criteria. This report is a first step towards developing a framework to monitor progress on green growth in the agricultural sector in OECD countries. The goal is to identify relevant, succinct and measurable statistics to implement the OECD Green Growth Strategy Measurement Framework which provides a common basis for further developing green growth indicators in the agricultural sector in OECD countries.

Gren growth indicators for agriculture - A preliminary assessment

This 15th edition presents the outlook for commodity markets during the 2009 to 2018 period, and analyses world market trends for the main agricultural products, as well as biofuels. It provides an assessment of agricultural market prospects for production, consumption, trade, stocks and prices of the included commodities. This edition of the Outlook was prepared in a period of unprecedented financial market turmoil and rapidly deteriorating global economic prospects. Because macroeconomic conditions are changing so quickly, this report complements the standard baseline projections with an analysis of revised short-term GDP (Growth Domestic Product) prospects and alternative GDP recovery paths. A sensitivity analysis to highly uncertain crude oil prices shows the important links between energy and agricultural prices. The outlook also reports on a survey of various actors in the agri-food chain in terms of the current impacts of the global economic crisis and credit market constraints. The issue of food security and the capacity of the agricultural sector to meet the rising demand for food remains very high on the international political agenda. This report provides a brief overview of critical factors such as land availability, productivity gains, water usage and climate change, and suggests that agricultural production could be significantly increased, provided there is sufficient investment in research, infrastructure and technological change, particularly in developing countries.

OECD- FAO Agricultural Outlook 2009-2018

The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 100 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. 

The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes.  These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention.  

The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. "Fishing expeditions" are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard.

All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction's legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework.  Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined - Phase 1 plus Phase 2 - reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. 

All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.

For more information on the work of the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes, and for copies of the published review reports, please visit www.eoi-tax.org (Lien -> http://www.eoi-tax.org/).

Nauru 2013-peer review report phase 1-legal and regulatory framework

This report provides an international perspective on Ireland’s retirement income provision for a focused review on the viability and long-term impact of proposed changes in pension policy, taking into account the impact of the economic downturn. It covers all components of the pension system: state, private personal and occupational plans and schemes for public-sector employees.

OECD Reviews of Pension Systems : Ireland

This publication provides internationally comparable data on tax levels and tax structures for Indonesia and Malaysia. The model is the OECD Revenue Statistics database which is a fundamental reference, backed by a well-established methodology, for OECD member countries. By extending this OECD methodology to Asian countries, Revenue Statistics in Asian Countries enables meaningful cross-country comparisons about tax levels and structures not only between Asian economies, but also between them and their industrialised peers. Future editions will cover additional Asian countries.

Revenue Statistics in Asian Countries 2014/Trends in Indonesia and Malaysia

The new OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises provide an internationally agreed benchmark to help governments assess and improve the way they exercise their ownership functions in state-owned enterprises. Good corporate governance of state-owned enterprises is a key reform priority in many countries. Improved efficiency and better transparency in the state owned sector will result in considerable economic gains, especially in countries where state ownership is important. In addition, creating a level playing field for private and state-owned enterprises will encourage a sound and competitive business sector. The Guidelines, first adopted in 2005, provide a set of good practices on the legal and regulatory framework for state-owned enterprises (SOEs), the professionalisation of the state ownership function and the corporate governance arrangements of SOEs. This new version of the recommendation was developed in the light of almost a decade of experiences with its implementation and a number of thematic and comparative studies, developed on the basis of the earlier version of the Guidelines, that showed the need for, and supported, their revision, including in areas such as disclosure and transparency, public-private competition, board practices and funding and financing of SOE.

OECD guidelines on corporate governance of state-owned entreprises 2015

Une augmentation de salaire pour récompenser une meilleure performance : une telle politique peut-elle être bénéfique dans le secteur public ? Ce livre présente une vue d'ensemble des politiques de rémunération liée aux performances (RLP) dans l'administration. Il rend compte de l'expérience de 14 pays au cours des 20 dernières années. Il examine aussi bien les avantages que les faiblesses des politiques de RLP. Cet ouvrage explore les diverses voies empruntées par les pays pour mener à bien leurs réformes. Il s'attache à comprendre les raisons pour lesquelles les politiques de RLP sont mises en œuvre et comment ces politiques opèrent concrètement. Les résultats des politiques de RLP sont évalués tant au niveau de l'individu qu'au niveau des équipes. Des recommandations sont proposées pour faciliter la mise en œuvre des politiques de RLP et éviter certains obstacles. Ce livre, qui puise largement dans les rapports préparés par les pays, tire les leçons de deux décennies d'expérience en matière de politiques de RLP. Il évalue également l'impact de ces politiques sur l'efficience du secteur public. Pays couverts : Allemagne, Canada, Chili, Corée, Danemark, Espagne, Finlande, France, Hongrie, Italie, Nouvelle-Zélande, Royaume-Uni, Suède et Suisse.

La rémunération liée aux performances dans l'administration

Cette publication conjointe OCDE-OMC est un coup de projecteur sur l’Aide pour le commerce visant à évaluer ce qui se passe, ce qui ne se passe pas, et où des améliorations sont nécessaires. L’analyse porte plus particulièrement sur les tendances des politiques, programmes et pratiques dans le domaine de l’Aide pour le commerce. Elle montre que l’initiative Aide pour le commerce produit des résultats tangibles en améliorant les résultats commerciaux et les conditions de vie des gens, en particulier des femmes, dans les pays en développement. Il ressort du rapport que l’Aide pour le commerce joue un rôle important en permettant aux entreprises des pays en développement de se connecter aux chaînes de valeur et de s’élever dans ces chaînes. En fait, l’émergence des chaînes de valeur renforce la légitimité de l’Aide pour le commerce. Les parties prenantes continuent à participer activement à l’initiative Aide pour le commerce. L’exercice de suivi de 2013 était basé sur les autos évaluations de 80 pays en développement, 28 donateurs bilatéraux, 15 donateurs multilatéraux et 9 fournisseurs de coopération Sud. A cela s’ajoutaient les avis exprimés par 524 entreprises (fournisseurs) de pays en développement et 173 entreprises dominantes, pour la plupart des pays de l’OCDE.

Etudes économiques : Danemark

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