De Miguel Ângelo a Rubens, Degas e Picasso, a arte erótica atraiu grandes mestres, cujas obras cativaram o observador como poucas outras. Apesar de, ou talvez devido a esta atracção, a arte erótica foi sempre controversa, devendo regularmente defender-se das acusações de pornografia. Este livro conduz os leitores desde as primeiras cenas de representações eróticas produzidas nos séculos XVI e XVII, até aos destaques contemporâneos tais como os cadernos de desenhos de Picasso, incluindo uma grande variedade de estilos e técnicas.

Desenhos Eróticos

Der Begriff Romanische Kunst bezeichnet in der Kunstgeschichte die Epoche vom 11. bis zum 13. Jahrhundert. Diese Epoche wies eine große Vielfalt an regionalen Schulen auf, die alle spezifische Merkmale hatten. Sowohl in der Architektur als auch in der Bildhauerei wird die Romanische Kunst durch ihre rauen Formen charakterisiert.
Dieses Buch lässt den Leser durch den faszinierenden Text und seinen umfangreichen Bildteil diese Kunst des Mittelalters, die heute im Vergleich mit ihrer unmittelbaren Nachfolgerin, der Kunst der Gotik, so häufig verachtet wird, neu entdecken.

Romanische Kunst

To speak about art is to evoke the hand of the creator who produced the work. It is to confer to its gestures the importance of thoughts and to explore their point of convergence on the canvas or the stone. With this text, Henri Focillon delivers one of the most beautiful odes to the hand and, simultaneously, to the talent of artists, studying Hokusai, Cézanne, and even Rodin. What do artists such as Rembrandt, David, Gauguin, and Hokusai have in common? A virtuosity of the hand, replies Henri Focillon. The viewer often forgets that behind the works, it is first and foremost a hand and its fingers which guide the paintbrush, the pen, or the stylus. Focillon's text recalls the importance of this part of the body, in which the artist's talent comes to life. Within his text, he grants the hand the recognition that it deserves.

In Praise of Hands

Different eras and civilisations have treated erotic images with varying acceptance and different concepts of erotica and these tendencies are reflected within the works themselves. From ancient statues devoted to fertility to Renaissance engravings designed to encourage procreation within marriage, erotic art has always held an important place in society. Here, for the first time, 1,000 authentic images of erotic art have been brought together, spanning the centuries and civilisations to demonstrate the evolution of the genre. In an era such as ours when eroticism is abundant in advertising and the media, this book gives a refreshing insight into the background of erotic imagery, highlighting the artistic value of beautiful works of eroticism executed with skill.

1000 Erotic Works of Genius

Marc Chagall (Vitebsk, 1887 - Saint-Paul-de-Vence, 1985)

Chagall est né dans une famille juive de stricte obédience pour laquelle l'interdit de représentation de la figure humaine avait valeur

de dogme. Après un échec à l'examen d'entrée à l'école des Arts et Métiers du baron Stieglitz, Chagall intègre plus tard celle fondée par

la Société impériale d'encouragement des Beaux-Arts dirigée par Nicolas Roerich.

En 1910, il s'installe à Paris qui sera son « second Vitebsk ». Chagall retrouve à la Ruche de nombreux compatriotes attirés, eux aussi, par le prestige de Paris. Lipchitz, Zadkine, Archipenko, Soutine qui maintiendront, autour du jeune peintre, le parfum de sa terre natale. Les auteurs des premières études sur Chagall relevaient déjà que Paris avait influencé sa manière picturale, avait apporté une nervosité

frêle et une netteté aux lignes qui répondent avec assurance et justesse à la couleur et pour beaucoup, la commandent. L'observateur le plus attentif, le plus passionné, se révèle parfois incapable de distinguer le Chagall « de Paris » du Chagall « de Vitebsk ».

L'artiste n'est pas contradictoire ni « dédoublé », mais il demeurait constamment ouverts, regardant en lui et autour de lui, considérant le

monde environnant, les idées de son époque, les souvenirs du passé. Chagall est doué d'une sorte « d'immunité stylistique », il

s'enrichit sans rien détruire de sa propre structure. Il s'enthousiasme, apprend en toute ingénuité, se défait de la maladresse juvénile, mais sans perdre son « authenticité ». Parfois, c'est comme s'il regardait le monde à travers le prisme magique de l'école de Paris.

Alors il engage un jeu tout en finesse et en sérieux avec les découvertes du tournant du siècle, alors l'adolescent se considère, ironique et songeur, dans un miroir où s'unissent tout naturellement les acquis picturaux de Cézanne, la spiritualisation fragile de Modigliani, les rythmes complexes des plans qui rappellent les expériences des premiers cubistes (Autoportrait devant le chevalet, 1914).

Cependant, au-delà des analyses qui, aujourd'hui, éclairent les sources judéo-russes du peintre, les filiations formelles héritées ou

empruntées, mais toujours sublimées, une part de mystère demeure dans l'art de Chagall. Ce mystère tient peut-être à la nature même de

cet art qui puise dans le souvenir.

Chagall

Picasso was born a Spaniard and, so they say, began to draw before he could speak. As an infant he was instinctively attracted to artist's tools. In early childhood he could spend hours in happy concentration drawing spirals with a sense and meaning known only to himself. At other times, shunning children's games, he traced his first pictures in the sand. This early self-expression held out promise of a rare gift. Málaga must be mentioned, for it was there, on 25 October 1881, that Pablo Ruiz Picasso was born and it was there that he spent the first ten years of his life. Picasso's father was a painter and professor at the School of Fine Arts and Crafts. Picasso learnt from him the basics of formal academic art training. Then he studied at the Academy of Arts in Madrid but never finished his degree. Picasso, who was not yet eighteen, had reached the point of his greatest rebelliousness; he repudiated academia's anemic aesthetics along with realism's pedestrian prose and, quite naturally, joined those who called themselves modernists, the non-conformist artists and writers, those whom Sabartés called "the élite of Catalan thought" and who were grouped around the artists' café Els Quatre Gats. During 1899 and 1900 the only subjects Picasso deemed worthy of painting were those which reflected the "final truth"; the transience of human life and the inevitability of death. His early works, ranged under the name of "Blue Period" (1901-1904), consist in blue-tinted paintings influenced by a trip through Spain and the death of his friend, Casagemas. Even though Picasso himself repeatedly insisted on the inner, subjective nature of the Blue Period, its genesis and, especially, the monochromatic blue were for many years explained as merely the results of various aesthetic influences. Between 1905 and 1907, Picasso entered a new phase, called "Rose Period" characterised by a more cheerful style with orange and pink colours. In Gosol, in the summer of 1906 the nude female form assumed an extraordinary importance for Picasso; he equated a depersonalised, aboriginal, simple nakedness with the concept of "woman"...

Pablo Picasso and artworks

Die Renaissance begann gegen Ende des 14. Jahrhunderts in Italien und breitete sich bis zur zweiten Hälfte des 16. Jahrhunderts über ganz Europa aus. Die Wiederentdeckung der Pracht des griechischen und römischen Altertums markierte den Beginn der Wiedergeburt der Künste nach dem Zusammenbruch der dogmatischen Gewissheiten des Mittelalters. Eine ganze Reihe von Künstlern entwickelte in Malerei, Bildhauerei und Architektur Innovationen. Mit der Darstellung von Idealen und der Wirklichkeit, des Heiligen und des Profanen, etablierte die Bewegung einen Rahmen, der die europäische Kunst und Kultur der folgenden vier Jahrhunderte prägte.

Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Botticelli, Fra Angelico, Giorgione, Mantegna, Raffael, Dürer und Bruegel sind Künstler, die einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Kunst der Renaissance leisteten.

Die Kunst der Renaissance

Born in the Industrial Revolution, the factory has long been considered like a monster of iron, subjugating the individual to the collective in an act of mass dehumanisation.Turning away from the pure functionality for which it was built, the factory is evolving into an aesthetic space, sometimes transformed into modern lofts or a museum of contemporary art. The surprising photographs featured in this work help us rediscover the volume, purity of line, beauty, and stunningly modern architecture of these steelboned monuments.

Factories

John Constable was the first English landscape painter to take no lessons from the Dutch. He is rather indebted to the landscapes of Rubens, but his real model was Gainsborough, whose landscapes, with great trees planted in well-balanced masses on land sloping upwards towards the frame, have a rhythm often found in Rubens. Constable's originality does not lie in his choice of subjects, which frequently repeated themes beloved by Gainsborough. Nevertheless, Constable seems to belong to a new century; he ushered in a new era. The difference in his approach results both from technique and feeling. Excepting the French, Constable was the first landscape painter to consider as a primary and essential task the sketch made direct from nature at a single sitting; an idea which contains in essence the destinies of modern landscape, and perhaps of most modern painting. It is this momentary impression of all things which will be the soul of the future work. Working at leisure upon the large canvas, an artist's aim is to enrich and complete the sketch while retaining its pristine freshness. These are the two processes to which Constable devoted himself, while discovering the exuberant abundance of life in the simplest of country places. He had the palette of a creative colourist and a technique of vivid hatchings heralding that of the French impressionists. He audaciously and frankly introduced green into painting, the green of lush meadows, the green of summer foliage, all the greens which, until then, painters had refused to see except through bluish, yellow, or more often brown spectacles. Of the great landscape painters who occupied so important a place in nineteenth-century art, Corot was probably the only one to escape the influence of Constable. All the others are more or less direct descendants of the master of East Bergholt.

Desenhos Eróticos

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