Bilans énergétiques des pays de l'OCDE 2000-2001 : Energy Balances of OECD Countries 2000-2001

Did you ever wonder if education has a role to play in stemming the obesity epidemic sweeping across all OECD countries ? Or what the impact of increasing urbanisation might be on our schools, families, and communities ? Or whether new technologies really are fundamentally changing the way our children think and learn ? Trends Shaping Education examines major trends affecting the future of education and sets the background on upcoming challenges for policy makers and education providers alike. This work does not give conclusive answers : it is not an analytical report nor is it a statistical compendium, and it is certainly not a statement of OECD policy on these different developments. It is instead a stimulus for thinking about major tendencies that have the potential to influence education, and conversely, the potential of education to influence these trends.

Trends shaping education 2016

Le Royaume-Uni présente un contraste stimulant de tradition et de modernité, qui se traduit par un système de réglementation mûr et novateur. L'éventail des réformes opérées est impressionnant. Les réformes permanentes du système de gestion de la réglementation, de la politique et du droit de la concurrence, ainsi que des régimes réglementaires des principaux secteurs économiques constituent une base solide pour produire une réglementation de grande qualité qui contribue à stimuler encore les performances économiques. Le Royaume-Uni est un des premiers pays à avoir libéralisé ses entreprises de services publics et à avoir défini de nouvelles approches réglementaires pour résoudre les problèmes complexes que pose la gestion des industries de réseau. Il a également été parmi les premiers pays à instaurer un système d'analyse d'impact de la réglementation qui, parallèlement à la politique et au droit de la concurrence, fait l'objet depuis lors d'aménagements constants. Le Royaume-Uni a la réputation de disposer d'un cadre réglementaire qui est l'un des plus favorables au monde à l'ouverture des marchés et à la concurrence à l'échelle planétaire. Le Royaume-Uni est à présent confronté à des défis caractéristiques d'un régime réglementaire en pleine maturité qui se trouve à la pointe des évolutions. La complexité et la diversité - des objectifs de la réglementation, de l'architecture institutionnelle et des procédures - sont des questions essentielles qui doivent être suivies de manière continue. C'est en poursuivant ces efforts et en continuant à relever les défis que pose la réglementation et à remédier aux insuffisances que le Royaume-Uni parviendra à se maintenir au premier rang dans la gouvernance de la régulation. Le Royaume-Uni est l'un des nombreux pays de l'OCDE à avoir demandé à l'Organisation d'examiner ses pratiques réglementaires et ses réformes. Tout en décrivant le contexte macro-économique, cet ouvrage présente un panorama des résultats et des enjeux de la réforme de la réglementation dans des domaines comme la qualité du secteur public, la politique de la concurrence et l'ouverture des marchés. Il évalue aussi les progrès réalisés dans les secteurs du gaz, de l'électricité et des télécommunications. La documentation de référence qui a servi à l'élaboration de ce rapport peut être consultée sur le site : www.oecd.org/regreform/

Royaume-Uni. - Rester à la pointe du progrès : les défis à relever

This comprehensive review of public governance in Spain finds that it shares with other OECD countries the need for a whole-of-government approach to reform. This is especially needed given Spain's high degree of decentralisation and institutional fragmentation throughout the public sector. The experience of OECD countries with administrative reform is that it is successful when it is not perceived as a one-off exercise, but rather as a process of continuous improvement to constantly identify waste, shortcomings, and opportunities to do things better. This is particularly relevant for the public administration to become a positive influence for growth and overcome the effects of the financial crisis Spain has been through.

Spain : from administrative reform to continuous improvement

Electricity Information 2009

Taxing Wages provides unique information on the taxes paid on wages in OECD countries. It covers personal income taxes and social security contributions paid by employees ; social security contributions and payroll taxes paid by employers and cash benefits paid by in-work families. The purpose is to illustrate how these taxes and benefits are calculated in each member country and to examine how they impact on household incomes. The results also enable quantitative cross-country comparisons of labour cost levels and the overall tax and benefit position of single persons and families on different levels of earnings. The publication shows this information for eight household types which vary by income level and household composition and the results reported include the marginal and average tax burdens for one and two earner families and the total labour costs of employers. These data are widely used in academic research and in the preparation and evaluation of social and economic policy making.Taxing Wages 2015 includes a special feature entitled : 'Modelling the tax burden on labour income in Brazil, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa.'

Taxing Wages / 2013-2014

Since the return to democracy in 1999, Nigeria has embarked upon an ambitious reform programme towards greater economic openness and liberalisation. As a result, gross domestic product growth picked up consistently, never going below 5% since 2003. Nigeria has become a top recipient of foreign direct investment in Africa, with inflows having surpassed those to South Africa since 2009. The federal government's Transformation Agenda recognises private sector development as the main engine for economic growth and includes bold investment reforms. Growth has however not yet been translated into inclusive development and the investment climate still suffers from severe challenges. This Investment Policy Review examines Nigeria's investment policies in light of the OECD Policy Framework for Investment (PFI), a tool to mobilise investment in support of economic growth and sustainable development. It provides an assessment and policy recommendations on different areas of the PFI : investment policy ; investment promotion and facilitation ; trade policy ; infrastructure investment ; competition ; corporate governance and financial sector development. It also includes a special chapter analysing the PFI in Lagos State. The Review follows on the request addressed by the Minister of Industry, Trade and Investment of Nigeria to the OECD Secretary-General in December 2011. It has been prepared in close co-operation with the Federal Government of Nigeria and Lagos State Government

Nigeria 2015, OECD investment policy reviews

This document contains revisions to the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines to align transfer pricing outcomes with value creation in the area of intangibles. The changes clarify the definition of intangibles and provide guidance for related parties; including transactions involving intangibles and the transfer pricing treatment of local market features and corporate synergies. Some transfer pricing issues relating to intangibles are closely related to other issues that are to be addressed during 2015, most notably in relation to the allocation of risk among MNE group members and recharacterisation of transactions. Because of those interactions some sections of this document are in intermediate form and will be finalised in 2015.

Guidance on transfer pricing aspects of intangibles

Water resources allocation determines who is able to use water resources, how, when and where. It directly affects the value (economic, ecological, socio-cultural) that individuals and society obtain from water resources. This report overviews how allocation works in a range of countries and how the performance of allocation arrangements can be improved to adjust to changing conditions. Capturing information from 27 OECD countries and key partner economies, the report presents key findings from the OECD Survey of Water Resources Allocation and case studies of successful allocation reform. It provides practical policy guidance for water allocation in the form of a "health check", which can be used to assess the performance of current arrangements and manage the transition to improved regimes.

Bilans énergétiques des pays de l'OCDE 2000-2001 : Energy Balances of OECD Countries 2000-2001

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