Questo volume contiene numerose opere create da Picasso tra il 1881 e il 1914. Inizialmente, lo stile

dell'artista è influenzato da El Greco, da Munch e da Toulouse-Lautrec, che lui scoprì da studente a

Barcellona. Affascinato dall'espressione psicologica, nel suo periodo Blu (1901-1904) Picasso descrive lo squallore morale: le scene di genere, le nature morte e i ritratti sono carichi di malinconia. In seguito, l'artista manifesta un vivo interesse per le figure di acrobati e comincia il periodo Rosa. Dal 1904, data del suo arrivo a Parigi, la sua estetica si evolve in modo considerevole. L'influenza di Cézanne e della scultura iberica lo portano al Cubismo, caratterizzato dalla moltiplicazione dei

punti di vista sulla superficie pittorica. Oltre a una selezione di dipinti giovanili, questo volume presenta anche numerosi disegni, sculture e fotografie di Picasso.

Pablo Picasso

In utter contrast to the obscurity of the medieval period which preceded it, the rapid and unexpected arrival of the Renaissance conquered Europe during the 14th to the 16th centuries. Placing man at its centre, the actors of this illustrious movement radically altered their vision of the world and refocused their aesthetic pursuits towards anatomy, perspective, and the natural sciences. Creator of numerous talents, the Renaissance offered the history of art great names such as Botticelli, Raphael, and Leonardo da Vinci, whose glorious masterpieces still today hang on the walls of museums the world over.

Renaissance Paintings

Long thought of as the neglected stepchild of painting, the art of drawing has recently begun to enjoy a place in the sun. With major museums around the world, from the Met to the Uffizi, mounting exhibitions focused on the art of draughtsmanship, drawing is receiving more critical and academic attention than ever before. This captivating text gives readers a sweeping analysis of the history of drawing, from Renaissance greats like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo, to Modernist masters like M.C. Escher, Pablo Picasso, and everyone in between.

1000 Drawings of Genius

Different eras and civilisations have treated erotic images with varying acceptance and different concepts of erotica and these tendencies are reflected within the works themselves. From ancient statues devoted to fertility to Renaissance engravings designed to encourage procreation within marriage, erotic art has always held an important place in society. Here, for the first time, 1,000 authentic images of erotic art have been brought together, spanning the centuries and civilisations to demonstrate the evolution of the genre. In an era such as ours when eroticism is abundant in advertising and the media, this book gives a refreshing insight into the background of erotic imagery, highlighting the artistic value of beautiful works of eroticism executed with skill.

1000 Erotic Works of Genius

Sandro Botticelli (Alessandro di Mariano Filipepi) (Florence, 1445 - 1510)
Botticelli était le fils d'un citoyen jouissant d'une situation confortable, et avait été «instruit dans toutes les choses que les enfants doivent habituellement savoir avant de choisir une vocation ». Mais il refusa de consacrer son attention à la lecture, l'écriture et le calcul, poursuit Vasari, de sorte que son père, désespérant de le voir un jour à l'école, le plaça en apprentissage auprès de l'orfèvre Botticello, d'où le nom qui est passé à la postérité. Mais Sandro, jeune garçon à l'air entêté, doté de grands yeux calmes et scrutateurs et d'une tignasse blonde - il s'est représenté lui-même sur le côté gauche de L'Adoration des Mages - voulait bien devenir peintre, et il fut donc placé auprès du moine carmélite Fra Filippo Lippi.
Comme de nombreux artistes de son temps, satisfait de la joie que lui procurait la peinture, il se tourna vers l'étude de la beauté et du caractère de l'homme, plutôt que vers les thèmes religieux. Ainsi, Sandro fit des progrès rapides, aimant son professeur et, plus tard, le fils de celui-ci, Filippino Lippi, auquel il apprit à peindre. Mais le réalisme du maître le toucha à peine, car Sandro était un rêveur et un poète.
Botticelli n'est pas un peintre de faits, mais d'idées ; ses tableaux ne sont pas tant des représentations d'objets que des agencements de motifs et de formes. Ses couleurs ne sont pas riches et proches de la vie, mais subordonnées à la forme, et elles sont souvent des nuances plus que de vraies couleurs. En réalité, il s'intéresse aux possibilités abstraites de son art, et ses personnages n'occupent pas de place bien définie dans l'espace : ils n'attirent pas notre oeil par leur volume, mais suggèrent plutôt un motif ornemental plat. De même, les lignes qui entourent les personnages sont choisies pour leur fonction première, décorative.
On a dit que Botticelli, «bien qu'étant un piètre anatomiste, était l'un des plus grands dessinateurs de la Renaissance ». Comme exemple d'anatomie erronée, nous pouvons citer la manière improbable dont la tête de la Madone est reliée à son cou, ou encore toutes les articulations approximatives et les membres difformes que l'on trouve dans les tableaux de Botticelli. Pourtant, son talent de dessinateur fut reconnu, car il donna à la «ligne » non seulement une beauté intrinsèque, mais également un sens. Autrement dit, en langage mathématique, il réduisit le mouvement de la figure à la somme de ses facteurs élémentaires, à ses plus simples formes d'expression. Il combina ensuite ces diverses formes
en une figure qui, à travers ses lignes rythmiques et harmoniques, projette sur notre imagination les sentiments poétiques qui animaient l'artiste lui-même. Ce pouvoir de faire compter chaque ligne, à la fois par son sens et par sa beauté, distingue les grands maîtres du dessin de la grande majorité des artistes, utilisant la ligne avant tout comme un outil nécessaire à la représentation des objets concrets.

Sandro Botticelli

Picasso was born a Spaniard and, so they say, began to draw before he could speak. As an infant he was instinctively attracted to artist's tools. In early childhood he could spend hours in happy concentration drawing spirals with a sense and meaning known only to himself. At other times, shunning children's games, he traced his first pictures in the sand. This early self-expression held out promise of a rare gift. Málaga must be mentioned, for it was there, on 25 October 1881, that Pablo Ruiz Picasso was born and it was there that he spent the first ten years of his life. Picasso's father was a painter and professor at the School of Fine Arts and Crafts. Picasso learnt from him the basics of formal academic art training. Then he studied at the Academy of Arts in Madrid but never finished his degree. Picasso, who was not yet eighteen, had reached the point of his greatest rebelliousness; he repudiated academia's anemic aesthetics along with realism's pedestrian prose and, quite naturally, joined those who called themselves modernists, the non-conformist artists and writers, those whom Sabartés called "the élite of Catalan thought" and who were grouped around the artists' café Els Quatre Gats. During 1899 and 1900 the only subjects Picasso deemed worthy of painting were those which reflected the "final truth"; the transience of human life and the inevitability of death. His early works, ranged under the name of "Blue Period" (1901-1904), consist in blue-tinted paintings influenced by a trip through Spain and the death of his friend, Casagemas. Even though Picasso himself repeatedly insisted on the inner, subjective nature of the Blue Period, its genesis and, especially, the monochromatic blue were for many years explained as merely the results of various aesthetic influences. Between 1905 and 1907, Picasso entered a new phase, called "Rose Period" characterised by a more cheerful style with orange and pink colours. In Gosol, in the summer of 1906 the nude female form assumed an extraordinary importance for Picasso; he equated a depersonalised, aboriginal, simple nakedness with the concept of "woman"...

Pablo Picasso and artworks

Dalí, Salvador (Figueras, 1904 - Torre-Galatea, 1989)

Peintre, artiste, créateur d'objets, écrivain et cinéaste, il est connu du public comme un des représentants majeur du surréalisme. Buñuel, Lorca, Picasso, Breton. : ces rencontres constituent autant d'étapes dans la carrière de Dalí. Réalisé avec Buñuel, le film Un chien andalou marque son entrée officielle dans le groupe des surréalistes parisiens où il rencontre Gala, la femme d'Éluard, qui deviendra sa compagne et son inspiratrice. Entre cet artiste éclectique et provocateur et les surréalistes parisiens, les relations se tendront progressivement à partir de 1934 jusqu'à la rupture avec Breton, cinq ans plus tard. Pourtant, l'art de Dalí relève bien de l'esthétique surréaliste dont il a conservé le goût pour le dépaysement, l'humour et l'imagination.

Dalí

Botticelli is a painter not of facts, but of ideas, and his pictures are not so much a representation of certain objects as a pattern of forms. Nor is his colouring rich and lifelike; it is subordinated to form, and often rather a tinting than actual colour. In fact, he was interested in the abstract possibilities of his art rather than in the concrete. For example, his compositions, as has just been said, are a pattern of forms; his figures do not actually occupy well-defined places in a well-defined area of space; they do not attract us by their suggestion of bulk, but as shapes of form, suggesting rather a flat pattern of decoration. Accordingly, the lines which enclose the figures are chosen with the primary intention of being decorative.
    It has been said that Botticelli, "though one of the worst anatomists, was one of the greatest draughtsmen of the Renaissance." As an example of false anatomy we may notice the impossible way in which the Madonna's head is attached to the neck, and other instances of faulty articulation and incorrect form of limbs may be found in Botticelli's pictures. Yet he is recognised as one of the greatest draughtsmen: he gave to `line' not only intrinsic beauty, but also significance. In mathematical language, he resolved the movement of the figure into its factors, its simplest forms of expression, and then combined these various forms into a pattern which, by its rhythmical and harmonious lines, produces an effect upon our imagination, corresponding to the sentiments of grave and tender poetry that filled the artist himself.
    This power of making every line count in both significance and beauty distinguishes the great master- draughtsmen from the vast majority of artists who used line mainly as a necessary means of representing concrete objects.

Pablo Picasso

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