OECD's 2014 Economic Survey of the European Union examines recent economic developments, prospects and policies. A special chapter covers reinvigorating the EU single market.

European union 2014 : OECD economic surveys

Intergovernmental fiscal institutions are the overarching framework for relations across government levels. They comprise the constitutional set up of a country ; the division of power between government levels ; the prevalence of fiscal rules across government levels ; intergovernmental budget frameworks ; the role of independent bodies such as fiscal councils in shaping fiscal relations ; the inter-ministerial organisation of fiscal decision making ; and other framework conditions shaping intergovernmental fiscal relations and fiscal policy. This book brings together academics and practitioners dealing with or being involved in shaping the institutions of intergovernmental fiscal relations. It has an interdisciplinary focus and provides insight from various academic or practitioners' fields : economists, political scientists, budget management specialists and others.

Institutions of intergovernemantal fiscal relations

OECD's 2012 survey of Turkey's economy examines recent economic developments, policies, and prospects and takes a more detailed look at real exchange rates and competitiveness and structural reforms and growth.

Oecd economic surveys:turkey 2012- vol 2012/14

The global energy landscape is evolving at a rapid pace, reshaping long-held expectations for our energy future. The 2014 edition of the World Energy Outlook (WEO) will incorporate all the latest data and developments to produce a comprehensive and authoritative analysis of medium- and longer-term energy trends. It will complement a full set of energy projections – which extend from today through, for the first time, the year 2040 – with strategic insights into their meaning for energy security, the economy and the environment. Oil, natural gas, coal, renewables and energy efficiency will be covered, along with updates on trends in energy-related CO2 emissions, fossil-fuel and renewable energy subsidies, and universal access to modern energy services. The WEO-2014 will also provide in-depth analysis of some topical energy sector issues: Africa : This continent-wide focus, paying particular attention to the energy outlook for sub-Saharan Africa, will include data and projections for the entire region as well as for its key energy-producing and consuming countries. Key elements for analysis will be the prospects for improving access to modern energy services and for developing the region’s huge resource potential in a way that contributes not only to regional and global energy balances but also to local economic and social well-being. Nuclear power: Uncertainties continue to cloud the future for nuclear – government policy, public confidence, financing in liberalised markets, competitiveness versus other sources of generation and the looming retirement of a large fleet of older plants. The study will assess the outlook for nuclear power and its implications. Energy sector investment (WEO Special Report to be released 3 June) : The analysis will provide a detailed assessment of current flows and future investment needs along the entire energy value chain, examining the scale of investment required and financing options. The report will also show how barriers to investment vary according to the strength of decarbonisation policies.

World Energy Outlook 2014

The large and growing human and financial cost of dementia provides an imperative for policy action. It is already the second largest cause of disability for the over-70s and it costs $645bn per year globally, and ageing populations mean that these costs will grow. There is no cure or effective treatment for dementia, and too often people do not get appropriate health and care services, leading to a poor quality of life. Our failure to tackle these issues provides a compelling illustration of some of today's most pressing policy challenges. We need to rethink our research an innovation model, since progress on dementia has stalled and investment is just a fraction of what it is for other diseases of similar importance and profile. But even then a cure will be decades away, so we need better policies to improve the lives of people living with dementia now. Communities need to adjust to become more accommodating of people with dementia and families who provide informal care must be better supported. Formal care services and care institutions need to promote dignity and independence, while coordination of health and care services must be improved. But there is hope : if we can harness big data we may be able to address the gaps in our knowledge around treatment and care.

Addressing dementia, the OECD response, OECD health policy studies

Le Programme international pour le suivi des acquis des élèves (PISA) évalue tous les trois ans les savoirs et savoir-faire des jeunes de 15 ans dans les principaux pays industrialisés. Cette enquête est le fruit d'un effort concerté des gouvernements des pays participants qui œuvrent au travers de l'OCDE. Elle fait appel à d'éminents experts internationaux pour concevoir des comparaisons valides entre pays et entre cultures. Lors du cycle PISA 2003, les élèves ont été soumis à des tests de résolution de problèmes. Il s'agit d'une première : on a ainsi évalué directement des compétences qui sont utiles dans la vie quotidienne et qui englobent différentes matières des programmes. Ces tests ont été conçus pour amener les élèves à identifier des problèmes situés dans différents contextes, à sélectionner les informations ou les contraintes pertinentes, à imaginer des processus de résolution alternatifs, à élaborer des stratégies de résolution, à résoudre le problème et, enfin, à communiquer la solution. Dans les pays de l'OCDE, un jeune de 15 ans sur cinq environ est capable de résoudre des problèmes de manière réfléchie et d'en communiquer la solution. Ces élèves-là réussissent à analyser une situation et à prendre des décisions, tout en étant capables de prendre en compte plusieurs paramètres. Dans certains pays, plus d'un tiers des élèves possèdent ces compétences pointues en résolution de problèmes. Dans d'autres pays en revanche, plus de la moitié des élèves ne parviennent pas à résoudre les problèmes les plus élémentaires, c'est-à-dire ceux qui leur demandent d'utiliser une seule source d'information et d'exploiter des données évidentes et bien définies. Quelles sont les stratégies que les pays peuvent adopter pour améliorer leur performance dans ce domaine de compétence de plus en plus important ? Quels enseignements les pays affichant des niveaux de performance plus faibles peuvent-ils tirer de l'expérience des pays en tête du classement ?

Résoudre des problèmes, un atout pour réussir - Premières évaluations des compétences transdisciplinaires issues de PISA 2003

This publication provides internationally comparable data on tax levels and tax structures for Indonesia and Malaysia. The model is the OECD Revenue Statistics database which is a fundamental reference, backed by a well-established methodology, for OECD member countries. By extending this OECD methodology to Asian countries, Revenue Statistics in Asian Countries enables meaningful cross-country comparisons about tax levels and structures not only between Asian economies, but also between them and their industrialised peers. Future editions will cover additional Asian countries.

Revenue Statistics in Asian Countries 2014/Trends in Indonesia and Malaysia

This document contains revisions to the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines to align transfer pricing outcomes with value creation in the area of intangibles. The changes clarify the definition of intangibles and provide guidance for related parties; including transactions involving intangibles and the transfer pricing treatment of local market features and corporate synergies. Some transfer pricing issues relating to intangibles are closely related to other issues that are to be addressed during 2015, most notably in relation to the allocation of risk among MNE group members and recharacterisation of transactions. Because of those interactions some sections of this document are in intermediate form and will be finalised in 2015.

Guidance on transfer pricing aspects of intangibles

Cette publication examine les succès d'importants pôles d'entreprises et d'innovation des pays de l'OCDE et les défis auxquels ceux-ci doivent actuellement faire face pour maintenir leurs positions autour de quelques questions clés : De quels facteurs clés dépend le succès d'un pôle ? Quels sont les problèmes qui se profilent à l'horizon ? Quel rôle doit exactement jouer le secteur public pour soutenir le développement des pôles et vaincre les différents obstacles ? Il présente en outre, une analyse détaillée de sept pôles de renommée internationale : Grenoble, Vienne, Waterloo (Canada) ; Dunedin (Nouvelle-Zélande) ; Medicon Valley (Scandinavie) ; l'Oxfordshire (Royaume-Uni) et Madison (États-Unis). L'ouvrage propose également une série de recommandations politiques s'attachant, dans un contexte élargi, à la question du développement des pôles.

European union 2014 : OECD economic surveys

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