This OECD Economic Survey of France examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects. Special chapters cover competition, adult training and skills.

France ; OECD economic surveys (édition 2015)

OECD's Economic Survey of Mexico for 2013 examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects and includes a special chapter covering improving fiscal federal relations.

Mexico 2013 oecd economic surveys

Àl'heure actuelle, le climat politique mondial souligne la nécessitéde s'intéresser davantage aux composantes non-économiques du bien-être et du progrès social telles que la santé, l'engagement social, l'intérêt pour la politique ou la criminalité.

L'éducation contribue largementàfaçonner ces indicateurs de progrès social. Néanmoins, les liens et mécanismes de causalité, l'influence des contextes et l'impact relatif des différentes mesureséducatives sur ces indicateurs sont encore mal compris.

Le présent rapport a pour objet d'apporter deséléments de réponse aux problèmes rencontrés dans l'évaluation des retombées sociales de l'éducation ;àcet effet, il présente une synthèse des données probantes disponibles, passe en revue un certain nombre d'analyses de données antérieures et examine les débats politiques. La conclusion de ce rapport est que l'éducation peut contribueràaméliorer la santéet l'engagement civique et social. Elle peut réduire les inégalités en développant les compétences cognitives, sociales etémotionnelles, mais aussi en favorisant l'adoption d'un mode de vie sain et de pratiques et de valeurs participatives. Les efforts menés en milieu scolaire sont plus susceptibles de porter leurs fruits s'ils sont complétés par ceux de la famille et de l'environnement socialélargi-d'oùla nécessitéd'améliorer la cohérence entre les différentes politiques sectorielles, mais aussi entre les différents niveaux d'enseignement.

L'éducation, un levier pour améliorer la santé et la cohésion sociale

This book contains the 2014 Phase 1 Global Forum Peer Review report for Latvia. The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by 120 jurisdictions, which participate in the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004. The standards have also been incorporated into the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. Fishing expeditions are not authorised but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 and Phase 2 – reviews. The Global Forum has also put in place a process for supplementary reports to follow-up on recommendations, as well as for the ongoing monitoring of jurisdictions following the conclusion of a review. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes.

Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews : Latvia 2014 - Phase 1 : legal

Statistiques de la population active 1988-2008

Synthetic biology is at such an early stage of development that there is no uniform agreement as yet about what it actually is. To some, it represents a natural extension of genetic engineering, and therefore is "business as usual". For others, it is a way to bring mass manufacturing out from the decades of biotechnology research. Currently the discipline is limited by the ability to synthesise DNA cost-effectively but this is a technical barrier that it is anticipated will be overcome. Synthetic biology raises a number of policy issues around R&D funding, company investment, PPP arrangements and innovative financing, infrastructure requirements, education and training, intellectual property (IP), regulation, and public engagement. In preparation for the continuing development and greater use of synthetic biology, some countries have started to prepare synthetic biology technical roadmaps and a global roadmap for the medium term would be an extremely useful policy tool. Technical roadmaps could both identify likely future policy requirements, and be a useful vehicle in public engagement.

Emerging Policy Issues in Synthetic Biology

The ability of citizens to demand accountability and more open government is fundamental to good governance. There is growing recognition of the need for new approaches to the ways in which donors support accountability, but no broad agreement on what changed practice looks like. This publication aims to provide more clarity on the emerging practice. Based on four country studies Mali, Mozambique, Peru and Uganda, a survey of donor innovations and cutting-edge analysis in this field, and the findings of a series of special high-level international dialogues on how to best support accountability support to parliaments, political parties, elections and the media. The publication takes the view that a wholesale shift in behaviour is required by parts of the development assistance community - moving outside conventional comfort zones and changing reflexes towards new approaches to risk taking, analysis and programming around systems of accountability and ‘do no harm’ efforts in political engagement.

Accountability and democratic governance : orientations and principales for

he establishment of dedicated regulatory bodies in charge of regulating water services, whilst being recent, is nevertheless a consistent trend among OECD and non-OECD countries. This report presents a picture as of September 2014 of the governance arrangements, operational modalities and use of regulatory tools across a sample of 34 established water regulators. It relies on the OECD Best Practice Principles for Regulatory Policy : The Governance of Regulators to structure the information collected through a survey exercise. It has been developed in close co-operation with the OECD Network of Economic Regulators (NER). The results from the survey show that the 34 water regulators show generally a high level of adoption of good governance principles and practices. They display functions and powers that are in line with their objectives. Water regulators also show a strong culture of consultation. Other areas, in particular evaluation of regulatory impacts, could be further strengthened.

The governance of water regulators

This report delivers evidence-based and practical recommendations on how to better support employment and economic development in England. It builds on sub-national data analysis and consultations with local stakeholders in Nottingham and North Nottinghamshire in the East Midlands as well as Hull and Scarborough in Yorkshire and the Humber. It provides a comparative framework to understand the role of the local level in contributing to more and better quality jobs. The report can help national and local policy makers in England and the UK build effective and sustainable partnerships at the local level, which join-up efforts and achieve stronger outcomes across employment, training, and economic development policies. Co-ordinated policies can help workers find suitable jobs, while also stimulating entrepreneurship and productivity, which increases the quality of life and prosperity within a community as well as throughout the country.

France ; OECD economic surveys (édition 2015)

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