Www.oecd.org/sti/scoreboard (Lien -> http://www.oecd.org/sti/scoreboard).

Science, technologie et industrie - Tableau de bord de l'OCDE 2009

Cette onzième édition des Perspectives agricoles propose une évaluation des perspectives des marchés agricoles qui s'appuie sur les projections à moyen terme, étendues jusqu'à l'horizon 2014, de la production, de la consommation, des échanges et des prix des produits agricoles étudiés. Il met en évidence l'influence qu'exercent sur ces marchés l'évolution des conditions économiques et les politiques publiques et fait ressortir certains des risques et incertitudes susceptibles d'infléchir les perspectives des marchés agricoles. Pour la première fois, les Perspectives agricoles ont été préparées conjointement par l'Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques (OCDE) et par l'Organisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture (FAO), mettant ainsi à profit les compétences techniques de ces deux organisations concernant les produits, les politiques et les pays. Dans cette édition, les projections ont été élargies de manière à couvrir un plus grand nombre de pays en développement, parmi lesquels l'Afrique du Sud et l'Inde sont pour la première fois venues s'ajouter à l'Argentine, au Brésil, à la Chine et à la Russie, ainsi qu'à bien d'autres régions. Les projections présentées dans ce rapport se fondent sur certaines hypothèses concernant la situation macroéconomique, les politiques agricoles et commerciales et des conditions climatiques moyennes, et décrivent donc un scénario représentatif des marchés agricoles pour les dix prochaines années.

Perspectives agricoles de l'OCDE et de la FAO 2005-2014

Synthetic biology is at such an early stage of development that there is no uniform agreement as yet about what it actually is. To some, it represents a natural extension of genetic engineering, and therefore is "business as usual". For others, it is a way to bring mass manufacturing out from the decades of biotechnology research. Currently the discipline is limited by the ability to synthesise DNA cost-effectively but this is a technical barrier that it is anticipated will be overcome. Synthetic biology raises a number of policy issues around R&D funding, company investment, PPP arrangements and innovative financing, infrastructure requirements, education and training, intellectual property (IP), regulation, and public engagement. In preparation for the continuing development and greater use of synthetic biology, some countries have started to prepare synthetic biology technical roadmaps and a global roadmap for the medium term would be an extremely useful policy tool. Technical roadmaps could both identify likely future policy requirements, and be a useful vehicle in public engagement.

Emerging Policy Issues in Synthetic Biology

The evidence is clear : energy efficiency has played, and continues to play, a large and valuable role in the sustainable development of the global economy. The energy demand that is avoided as a result of steady improvements in the efficiency of energy-using stock such as buildings, cars and appliances is larger than the total final consumption from coal, oil or gas in IEA member countries. The market for energy efficiency investments is very large - estimated between USD 310 billion and USD 360 billion in 2011 - and this market is producing results : total final consumption in IEA countries is estimated to be 60% lower today because of energy efficiency improvements over the last four decades. Since 2001, investments in energy efficiency in 18 IEA countries have helped to avoid over 1 700 million tonnes of oil-equivalent from being consumed. This year's report includes an in-depth look at energy efficiency developments in the transport sector and in finance. Huge new waves of demand for mobility are emerging in OECD non-member economies, bringing with them the challenges of pollution and congestion already faced in OECD countries. Fuel-economy standards and other policies are expected to help shape the market for more energy-efficient vehicles in the years to come. In financial markets, energy efficiency is becoming an important segment in its own right, aided by a growing range of financial products. We document the growing scale and diversity of energy efficiency products and actors. Finally, this report reviews national energy efficiency market developments in various jurisdictions around the world, including Canada, China, the European Union, India and Italy. These case studies provide snapshots of specific energy efficiency sub-markets, and insights into how these markets may evolve in the coming years.

Energy efficiency market report 2014

Le Glossaire de l'économie de l'OCDE, fruit du travail quotidien des traducteurs et des experts de l'OCDE, est un outil de référence essentiellement pragmatique. Cette édition revue et augmentée du Glossaire de l'économie anglais-français publié en 1992, contient quelque 30 000 termes et expressions et couvre une très large variété de domaines : science économique proprement dite, statistiques, finance et banque, échanges, gestion, comptabilité, assurances, emploi et main-d'œuvre, développement, fiscalité. L'ouvrage explore également de nouveaux secteurs, comme le blanchiment de capitaux ou l'ingénierie financière. Il comprend des encadrés qui décrivent succinctement quatre domaines spécialisés (analyse financière, blanchiment de capitaux, dérivés de crédit et prix de transfert) et donne les équivalents en anglais des concepts fondamentaux. Le Glossaire de l'économie rendra de précieux services à tous ceux - économistes, journalistes, traducteurs, interprètes, enseignants, étudiants - qui sont appelés à lire ou rédiger des documents en anglais ou en français.

Glossaire de l'économie de l'OCDE - Anglais - français

Statistiques des recettes publiques, 1965-2008 - Etude spéciale : modifications des lignes directrices pour l'attribution de recettes aux différents niveaux d'administration

L'énergie nucléaire aujourd'hui

Energy efficiency improvements over the last 25 years saved a cumulative USD 5. 7 trillion in energy expenditures. This virtual supply of energy generates multiple benefits for governments, businesses and households, including greater energy security from reduced dependence on energy imports and billions of tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions reductions. Strengthening our understanding of the energy efficiency market and the prospects over the medium term is becoming increasingly important. The 2015 Energy Efficiency Market Report (EEMR) evaluates the impact of energy efficiency in the energy system and assesses the scale and outlook for further energy efficiency investment using detailed country-by-country energy efficiency indicator data and IEA expertise. This year's report includes an in-depth look into the buildings energy efficiency market and the electricity sector. Energy efficiency investments in the buildings sector totalled between USD 90 billion in 2014. In the electricity sector, energy efficiency has proved critical in flattening electricity consumption in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development member countries, driving utilities to adapt their business models. Promoting and expanding energy efficiency markets is a worldwide phenomenon, and EEMR 2015 presents a number of case studies at the national, state and municipal level. These include examinations of Latin America's two largest economies, Brazil and Mexico, which are looking to efficiency to boost productivity and social development. Energy-exporting countries like Saudi Arabia and the Russian Federation are also increasingly turning to efficiency to increase exports and reduce the costs of growing domestic energy consumption. In addition to national governments, major urban areas such as Tokyo, Seoul and Paris are increasingly enabling energy efficiency investment.

Science, technologie et industrie - Tableau de bord de l'OCDE 2009

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