« Le plus grand problème pour l'espèce humaine, celui que la nature contraint l'homme à résoudre, est l'établissement dune société civile administrant le droit universellement. »--Emmanuel Kant

Idée d'une histoire universelle au point de vue cosmopolitique

=Trial philosophy to introduce the concept of negative magnitude

Essai pour introduire en philosophie le concept de grandeur négative

Excerpt from Critique de la Raison Pure, Vol. 1En voil� assez sur la perfection a chercher dans la poursuite de chacune des fins que nous propose, non un dessein arbi traire, mais la nature m�me de la connaissance, et de l'eten due 'a donner a celle de l'ensemble de toutes ces fins, c'est-� dire [en un mot] sur la mati�re de notre entreprise critique.Au point de vue de la forme, il y a encore deux choses, la certitude et la clart�, que l'on est en droit d'imposer comme conditions essentielles � tout auteur qui tente une entreprise si difficile.

Critique de la Raison Pure, Vol. 1

En 1784, Kant définit les Lumières comme un mouvement manifestant la volonté de l'homme de quitter son "enfance intellectuelle" pour conquérir la liberté dans l'usage de la raison - ce qu'il résume par la formule empruntée au poète latin Horace "sapere aude", "ose penser par toi-même". Ce texte est au fondement du siècle des Lumières.

Qu'est-ce que les Lumières?

Note on the TranslationAbbreviationsTranslators' Introduction Significance of Kant's Logic Analysis & Synthesis in General Logic Anal. & Synth. in Transcendental LogicDedicationPreface--Gottlob Benjamin JascheIntroduction Concept of Logic Main Division etc. Concept of Philosophy in General etc. Outline of History of Philosophy etc. Cognition in General etc. Logical Perfections of Cognition etc. Probability etc. Theoretical & Practical CognitionGeneral Doctrine of Elements Of Concepts Of Judgments Of InferencesGeneral Doctrine of Method Development of Logical Perfection etc. Development of Perfection in CognitionIndex of PassagesIndex of NamesIndex of Subjects  Immanuel Kant's Logik, ein Handbuch zu Vorlesungen, edited by Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche (Königsberg: Friedrich Nicolovius, 1800), xxiv, 232 pp. [Ak. 9:1-150] “Logic.” Translated by Hartman & Schwartz (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1974). Translated by Young in Immanuel Kant: Lectures on Logic (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992), pp. 521-640. At Kant's request, this book was edited by G.B. Jäsche, a former student of his (WS 1791/92 + ?) & a colleague (Fall 1799-July 1801), altho Kant had retired by then. This work appears in the Academy edition alongside Kant’s published writings, but appropriately belongs in the 4th section devoted to student class notes. It's based on one or more sets of notes--possibly Jäsche’s own, also making use of Kant’s annotations in his copy of Meier’s logic textbook--Kant's “reflections” as printed in the Nachlass, vol. 16. While Kant authorized publication, he wasn't involved in its preparation.

Logique

Essai sur les maladies de la tête

Excerpt from La Religion dans les Limites de la RaisonCE n'est pasa moi, Monsieur, qu 11 ap partiendrait d'ecrire un preambule a un traite de Kant, suppose que cette prepara tion fut necessaire, et que le temps me per mit de l'essayer. Quel serait mon droit, si ce n'est de vous avoir encourage a traduire et peut - etre aide a publier ce monument de l'histoire de la Philosophie dans ses rapports avec la Religion? Heureusement, de tous les ouvrages de votre auteur, il n'en est pas'

La Religion Dans Les Limites de la Raison

A Monumental Figure of Western Thought Wrestles with the Question of God: Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) is one of the most influential philosophers in the history of Western philosophy. His contributions have had a profound impact on almost every philosophical movement that followed him. His teachings on religion were unorthodox in that they were based on rationality rather than revelation. Tho logically proving God's existence might be impossible, it's morally reasonable to "act as if there be a God." His strictly rational approach was considered so scandalous that the King of Prussia forbid him to teach or write further on religious subjects, which Kant obeyed until the king's death. A work of major importance in the history of Western religious thought, Religion Within the Limits of Reason Alone represents a great philosopher's attempt to spell out the form & content of a type of religion grounded in moral reason & meeting the needs of an ethical life.

Théorie de Kant sur la Religion dans les Limites de la Raison

In THE CRITIQUE OF JUDGMENT (1790), Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) seeks to establish the a priori principles underlying the faculty of judgment, just as he did in his previous critiques of pure and practical reason. The first part deals with the subject of our aesthetic sensibility; we respond to certain natural phenomena as beautiful, says Kant, when we recognize in nature a harmonious order that satisfies the mind's own need for order. The second half of the critique concentrates on the apparent teleology in nature's design of organisms. Kant argues that our minds are inclined to see purpose and order in nature and this is the main principle underlying all of our judgments. Although this might imply a super sensible Designer, Kant insists that we cannot prove a supernatural dimension or the existence of God. Such considerations are beyond reason and are solely the province of faith.

Idée d'une histoire universelle au point de vue cosmopolitique

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