OECD Economic Surveys : South Africa 2015

Encompassing 39 municipalities in two states, Puebla-Tlaxcala is the fourth-largest metropolitan zone in Mexico. Over the past five decades, the region has successfully attracted major national and international firms, building its reputation as both a manufacturing hub specialising in auto production and one of Mexico's most important centres of higher education. Yet it also faces important challenges. Compared to other large Mexican metropolitan zones, Puebla-Tlaxcala has a disproportionate share of individuals with low skills, which could represent a bottleneck to future growth. Urban sprawl is another challenge with important economic, environmental and social consequences. Puebla-Tlaxcala's urban footprint expanded nearly eight times faster than its population over the past three decades, contributing to inadequate service provision and high levels of social marginalisation, particularly in the metropolitan periphery. To ensure that the region remains competitive and grows sustainably over the long term, this review recommends (i) improving workforce and economic development outcomes, particularly by raising the level of low-skilled workers; (ii) guiding urban growth more effectively to tackle urban sprawl and improve serve delivery; (iii) and addressing governance challenges by building capacity in the public sector and transitioning to forms of metropolitan governance.

Oecd Territorial Reviews : Pueblatlaxcala, Mexico 2013

Achieving gender equality in the economy and in the political leadership remains an ongoing challenge across the world. This report aims to address this gap. It provides comparative data and policy benchmarks on women's access to public leadership and inclusive gender-responsive policy-making across OECD countries. The report is prepared in the context of the OECD Gender Initiative, launched by the OECD Ministers.

Women, Government and Policy Making in OECD Countries/Fostering Diversity for Inclusive Growth

La croissance économique nécessite des réseaux de transport efficaces, et les transports continuent d'avoir des effets néfastes sur l'environnement, la santé et l'économie. L'impact négatif des transports sur l'environnement est-il une conséquence inéluctable de la croissance économique ? Cet ouvrage présente un large panorama de la recherche sur les rapports entre la demande de transport et la croissance économique. Il mène une réflexion approfondie sur les effets environnementaux et économiques d'une série d'instruments destinés à découpler l'impact des transports sur l'environnement et la croissance économique. L'ouvrage montre qu'il est possible de découpler l'impact des transports sur l'environnement et la croissance économique en utilisant de façon efficiente les taxes, droits et redevances ainsi que d'autres instruments économiques. Ces approches économiques peuvent compléter les mesures réglementaires pour favoriser un report sur des modes de transport plus respectueux de l'environnement, comme par exemple un report du transport routier sur différents types de transport ferroviaire. L'amélioration de la logistique du transport de marchandises et la dématérialisation de l'économie sont d'autres éléments qui peuvent aider à découpler l'impact des transports et la croissance économique. Ces diverses approches doivent être mises en œuvre en tenant tout particulièrement compte des situations et des spécificités propres à chaque pays. En effet, des instruments bien adaptés à un pays peuvent ne pas convenir à d'autres.

L'impact environnemental des transports: comment le découpler de la croissance économique?

This report contains the 2014 "Phase 2 : Implementation of the Standards in Practice" Global Forum review of Anguilla. The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 120 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. "Fishing expeditions" are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction's legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined - Phase 1 plus Phase 2 - reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes.

Global forum on transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes peer reviews : Anguilla 2014 - Phase 2 : implementation of the standard in practice

This Review, undertaken in close co-operation with the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, assesses the performance of Indonesian agriculture over the last two decades, evaluates Indonesian agricultural policy reforms and provides recommendations to address key challenges in the future. The evaluation is based on the OECD Committee for Agriculture's approach that agriculture policy should be evidence-based and carefully designed and implemented to support productivity, competitiveness and sustainability, while avoiding unnecessary distortions to production decisions and to trade. Conducted in partnership with the OECD Investment Committee, the Review comprises a special chapter highlighting key challenges to be addressed to attract sustainable investment in agriculture, drawing from the OECD Policy Framework for Investment in Agriculture.

Indonesia 2012 - ocde review of agricultural policies (anglais)

Lituanie - Examen des politiques de l'éducation

Cet ouvrage s'inscrit dans le programme d'examens environnementaux que conduit l'OCDE sur ses pays membres. Les efforts menés pour atteindre les objectifs nationaux et satisfaire aux engagements internationaux y sont évalués en détail. Les analyses s'appuient sur un large ensemble de données économiques et environnementales et conduisent à des recommandations sur les progrès à faire dans les domaines de l'environnement et du développement durable. Le premier cycle d'Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE de ses pays membres a été achevé en 2000. Le second cycle met l'accent sur la gestion de l'environnement, le développement durable et les engagements internationaux.

Suède - Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE

This report contains the 2014 "Phase 2: Implementation of the Standards in Practice" Global Forum review of Montserrat.

The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 120 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing.

The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention.

The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. "Fishing expeditions" are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard.

All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction's legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined - Phase 1 plus Phase 2 - reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes.

OECD Economic Surveys : South Africa 2015

Plus de livres de OCDE

Critiques

Ce livre n'a pas encore de critiques