En 1857, dans une Angleterre victorienne patriarcale, William Morris, poète de 23 ans proche du mouvement préraphaélite, s'empare de la légende arthurienne qui connaît alors une popularité croissante.
Mais, au lieu de célébrer les exploits des chevaliers, l'auteur décide de donner pour la première fois la parole à la reine Guenièvre. Reprenant l'un des épisodes les plus célèbres du mythe du Camelot durant lequel la souveraine est accusée d'adultère avec Lancelot, William Morris place Guenièvre au centre de son récit et lui laisse le champ libre pour qu'elle présente seule sa défense devant un parterre de juges : tous des chevaliers, tous des hommes. La reine développe alors ses arguments, défend son amour et montre qu'elle a aussi été contrainte dans une condition qu'elle n'a pas voulue.

La défense de Guenièvre

Up at the League, says a friend, there had been one night a brisk conversational discussion, as to what would happen on the Morrow of the Revolution, finally shading off into a vigorous statement by various friends of their views on the future of the fully-developed new society.

Says our friend: Considering the subject, the discussion was good-tempered; for those present being used to public meetings and after-lecture debates, if they did not listen to each others opinions (which could scarcely be expected of them), at all events did not always attempt to speak all together, as is the custom of people in ordinary polite society when conversing on a subject which interests them. For the rest, there were six persons present, and consequently six sections of the party were represented, four of which had strong but divergent Anarchist opinions.

News from Nowhere

Quel emballage choisir selon le cadeau ? Vous trouverez ici les réponses à cette question ainsi que le matériel pour emballer vos cadeaux. Vous aurez l'embarras du choix avec ces superbes papiers cadeaux de grande qualité aux motifs originaux : papier floral, nostalgique, lignes abstraites... Des modes d'emploi étape par étape vous aideront à réaliser des emballages parfaits, quelle que soit la forme de votre cadeau. Par ailleurs, ces papiers aux motifs superbes peuvent être utilisés pour les activités manuelles comme le scrapbooking par exemple.

William Morris - Papiers cadeau d'artistes (10 feuilles)

Awhile ago there was a young man dwelling in a great and goodly city by the sea which had to name Langton on Holm. He was but of five and twenty winters, a fair-faced man, yellow-haired, tall and strong; rather wiser than foolisher than young men are mostly wont; a valiant youth, and a kind; not of many words but courteous of speech; no roisterer, nought masterful, but peaceable and knowing how to forbear: in a fray a perilous foe, and a trusty war-fellow. His father, with whom he was dwelling when this tale begins, was a great merchant, richer than a baron of the land, a head-man of the greatest of the Lineages of Langton, and a captain of the Porte; he was of the Lineage of the Goldings, therefore was he called Bartholomew Golden, and his son Golden Walter.

Now ye may well deem that such a youngling as this was looked upon by all as a lucky man without a lack; but there was this flaw in his lot, whereas he had fallen into the toils of love of a woman exceeding fair, and had taken her to wife, she nought unwilling as it seemed. But when they had been wedded some six months he found by manifest tokens, that his fairness was not so much to her but that she must seek to the foulness of one worser than he in all ways; wherefore his rest departed from him, whereas he hated her for her untruth and her hatred of him; yet would the sound of her voice, as she came and went in the house, make his heart beat; and the sight of her stirred desire within him, so that he longed for her to be sweet and kind with him, and deemed that, might it be so, he should forget all the evil gone by. But it was not so; for ever when she saw him, her face changed, and her hatred of him became manifest, and howsoever she were sweet with others, with him she was hard and sour.

The Wood Beyond the World

Long ago there was a little land, over which ruled a regulus or kinglet, who was called King Peter, though his kingdom was but little. He had four sons whose names were Blaise, Hugh, Gregory and Ralph: of these Ralph was the youngest, whereas he was but of twenty winters and one; and Blaise was the oldest and had seen thirty winters.

Now it came to this at last, that to these young men the kingdom of their father seemed strait; and they longed to see the ways of other men, and to strive for life. For though they were king's sons, they had but little world's wealth; save and except good meat and drink, and enough or too much thereof; house-room of the best; friends to be merry with, and maidens to kiss, and these also as good as might be; freedom withal to come and go as they would; the heavens above them, the earth to bear them up, and the meadows and acres, the woods and fair streams, and the little hills of Upmeads, for that was the name of their country and the kingdom of King Peter.

The Well at the World's End

Alors qu'il est jeune garçon, Florian de Liliis assiste à une cérémonie au cours de laquelle son frère Arnald, à la suite d'une maladresse, est humilité et frappé violemment par la future reine Swanhilda. Les deux frères jurent vengeance, mais ce n'est que seize ans plus tard qu'ils décident de prendre les armes pour réparer cet affront et ôter la couronne à cette reine, haïe de son peuple à cause de sa tyrannie et de sa perfidie. Débute alors une autre histoire de vengeance, celle d'Harald le Rouge, fils de Swanhilda. Lors du combat qui oppose les frères de la maison des Lys et Harald, Florian tombe dans un précipice qui le conduit au Pays Creux, lieu de passage entre la Terre et l'Au-delà. Guidé par Margaret, il débute sa quête de la rédemption. Publié en 1856, ce texte est considéré comme le premier roman de fantasy. Encore assez méconnu, il constitue pourtant un moment fondateur de ce genre fictionnel qui donnera naissance aux oeuvres de Tolkien et de C. S. Lewis. Traduction de Maxime Massonnat.

Le Pays creux

Vers la fin du XIXe siècle, un conférencier socialiste s'endort. Divagant, promenant son esprit jusque dans la belle campagne anglaise du XIVe siècle, il rencontre quelques paysans, un ancien soldat, un prêtre rebelle. Ces hommes sont prêts à se battre ; mais, cette fois, ce ne sera pas pour leurs seigneurs, mais contre eux. John Ball, le curé qui sert de guide à ces rebelles, résume la pensée de tous en quelques mots : " Quand Adam bêchait et qu'Eve filait, où était alors le gentilhomme ? ". A leur manière, chacun de ces deux hommes se retrouve perdu dans un monde qui ne lui correspond pas. La discussion entre ces deux révoltés, portés par le même amour des hommes, se prolongera toute la nuit. Rêverie fantastique, nouvelle, traité philosophique, manifeste politique : Un rêve de John Ball, de l'écrivain, artiste, entrepreneur et militant William Morris (1834-1896) est tout cela à la fois. Il accompagne son lecteur dans un voyage onirique étonnant, mêlant aventures et réflexion, et qui s'achève sur un désir : celui de connaître " une lutte pleine d'espoir et une paix sans tâche, c'est-à-dire, en un mot, la vie ". Traduction de Marion Leclair.

Un Rêve de John Ball

What is the condition of Society under which we live? Is it satisfactory, is it quite as we should all like it to be? Does it quite please you who are listening to me, so that there is nothing you want to alter in it?

If that is the case, then none of my hearers are poor, and none have any fear of becoming poor; I am speaking to a crowd of rich men who are quite sure that they will always be rich. Well I see that is not quite the case; some of us are poor, some of us are afraid of becoming poor; some of us have to do very unpleasant work; all of us have to work more than we like; and we know of people who are worse off in all these matters than we are: So we do want to alter things if we could: we are not quite contented: if we say we are, we are not speaking truly but say so because we don't 'want to argue, or because we want to get something out of rich people whose interest it is that we should be contented.

Well I should wonder if we were contented; for when we look at the present state of Society we find that the majority of people have every reason to wish to be better off than they are, that in point of fact they are living in misery. Let us look at the various conditions of life and see what portion of the whole people has good reason to be pleased with their share of the wealth, ease, good living, in a word, the happiness of this most highly civilized country.

Misery and the Way Out - Development of Modern Society

"For surely there is no square mile of earth's inhabitable surface that is not beautiful in its own way, if we men will only abstain from willfully destroying that beauty; and it is this reasonable share in the beauty of the earth that I claim as the right of every man who will earn it by due labour; a decent house with decent surroundings for every honest and industrious family; that is the claim which I make of you in the name of art. Is it such an exorbitant claim to make of civilization? of a civilization that is too apt to boast in after-dinner speeches; too apt to thrust her blessings on far-off peoples at the cannon's mouth before she has improved the quality of those blessings so far that they are worth having at any price, even the smallest"...

La défense de Guenièvre

Résumé

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